Introduction In the intricate landscape of Industrial Control Systems (ICS), the Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) model stands as a …
IoT Worlds – All Right Reserved – 2025
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Security
PERA Level 0 and 1 Technology Overview and Compromise: Protecting Critical Industrial Systems
byIntroduction The Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) model, developed in the early 1990s at Purdue University by Theodore J. Williams …
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Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and Operational Technology (OT) run the physical processes that power our world: electricity, oil and gas, …
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Security
ICS Program and Policy Development: A Practical Guide to Building Industrial Cybersecurity
byIndustrial Control Systems (ICS) run the processes that keep energy, water, manufacturing, transportation, and smart buildings working. As these environments become more …
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Security
ICS Overview and Concepts: A Practical Guide to Industrial Control Systems, Roles, and ICS vs IT
byIndustrial Control Systems (ICS) quietly run the world. They keep water clean, lights on, factories moving, buildings comfortable, and transportation …
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Security
ICS Components and Architecture: A Practical Guide to Purdue Levels 0–3 and Secure ICS Design
byIndustrial control systems (ICS) have become the nervous system of modern industry. From manufacturing and energy to water treatment and …
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Operational Technology (OT) networks are no longer isolated. From PLCs and RTUs to engineering workstations and HMIs, endpoints in industrial …
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Security
Vendor and Contractor Risk in OT: Secure-by-Contract Requirements for Integrators, OEMs, and Managed Service Providers
byOperational Technology (OT) keeps the physical world running—power generation, water treatment, manufacturing lines, pipelines, refineries, rail, mining, building automation, and everything …
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IoT security isn’t only about protecting laptops and servers. You’re often protecting: Because IoT spans device firmware, networks, cloud services, …
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IndustrySecurity
Cybersecurity Framework 2.0 (CSF 2.0): The OT + IIoT Playbook for Resilient Industrial Operations (Now With GOVERN)
byIndustrial organizations don’t lose sleep over “cyber maturity scores.” They lose sleep over unplanned downtime, safety risk, product quality issues, regulatory exposure, and the …